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Battery Manufacturing Terminology
The process in which a battery outputs the electrical energy it generates to an external circuit under specified conditions.Note: During this process, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
The phenomenon where the energy of the battery is lost in ways other than being discharged into an external circuit.
Translation: A physical quantity used to describe the rate of self-discharge of a battery, also known as the "K-value." It is calculated as the difference in open-circuit voltage (OCV) between two tests divided by the time interval between the two voltage tests, expressed as K = (OCV1 - OCV2) / ΔT.
Translation: The process of forced discharge that occurs when a battery is completely discharged. Overdischarge may disrupt the normal functioning of the battery and can even lead to hazardous incidents.
The current output of the battery during discharge.
The maximum current that a battery can deliver to an external circuit with zero resistance or with the battery voltage reduced to near zero volts.Note: Zero resistance is an imaginary condition, and in reality, the short-circuit current is the maximum current that flows in a circuit with a resistance significantly lower than the internal resistance of the battery.
Battery discharge current expressed in discharge rate (It), where 1ItA equals 1.5 ampere-hours per hour.
The recorded curves depicting the variations of voltage, current, capacity, and other parameters over time during the charging or discharging process of a battery.
The percentage of a battery's nominal capacity that is discharged by the battery during use.
Discharge multiplier is a measure of the speed of discharge, which refers to the value of the current required for a battery to discharge its rated capacity within a specified time period. (It is numerically equal to a multiple of the rated capacity of the battery, i.e., "discharge current/rated capacity of the battery = discharge multiplier", usually denoted by the letter C.) Similarly, the charging multiplier is a measure of the speed of charging, i.e., "charging current/rated battery capacity = charging multiplier.")
The ratio of the electrical energy output during battery discharge to the electrical energy input during the previous charge.
The ratio of the energy output during battery discharge to the energy input during the previous charge.
If the battery capacity falls below the specified value for three consecutive charge and discharge cycles, the battery's lifespan is considered terminated. The number of charge and discharge cycles in which the battery last reached or exceeded the specified capacity value is then counted as the battery's cycle life.
The voltage between the tab of a pouch cell and the inner aluminum layer of the aluminum-plastic film.
Chemical reactions involving the transfer of active substances with electronic ingress and egress, and involving the oxidation or reduction of chemical components.
The difference in electrode potential between when current is flowing and when no current is flowing.
