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Glossary

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Winding

The process of winding matched positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separator, and tab materials into a core assembly (winding core) by controlling factors such as equipment speed, tension, dimensions, and alignment.
Stacking

The process of stacking positive and negative electrode sheets along with separators in alternating layers using a feeding mechanism, completing the formation of a multi-layer electrode assembly.
Hot pressing

The process of heat and pressure shaping the electrode assembly by applying appropriate time, temperature, and pressure, controlling the thickness of the electrode assembly, and securing the shape of the loosely wound electrode assembly to prevent relative movement of the positive and negative electrode sheets.
Flat pressing

The process of compacting and shaping the electrode assembly by applying appropriate time and pressure, controlling the thickness of the electrode assembly, and securing the shape of the loosely wound electrode assembly to prevent relative movement of the positive and negative electrode sheets.
Vacuum baking

The process of removing moisture from the bare cell by controlling the equipment's heating rate, temperature, vacuum level, and duration to ensure that the water content in the cell meets the design requirements.
Laser welding

The process of achieving a sealed or fixed connection by emitting high-energy continuous laser beams to melt the welding area, while controlling parameters such as the power, focus, and speed of the laser welding gun.Note: The welding appearance should be smooth, with no visible defects such as cracks, pinholes, or craters.
Resistance welding

The process of using the resistance heat generated by passing current through the workpieces and at the contact point as a heat source to locally heat the workpieces, while applying pressure simultaneously for welding, achieving a sealed or fixed connection.
Ultrasonic welding

In the presence of additional pressure, the process of transmitting high-frequency vibration waves through the welding head and welding seat to two objects to be welded. The contact surfaces of the two objects to be welded rub against each other, allowing molecular diffusion, resulting in a form of welding known as molecular fusion.
Pulse welding

The process involves pressing the plastic sheet or film to be welded between two heating elements. A high electric current is applied to the heating element, causing it to generate intense heat in a very short time. Subsequently, cooling is applied. During this process, the welding surfaces melt together under the combined effect of heat and pressure, achieving a sealed or fixed connection.
Stud welding

The process of connecting the tab to the terminal post through welding.
X-ray detection

Placing the core pack, electrode assembly, or battery cell on a fixed apparatus and using low-energy X-ray transmission to inspect the relative position and dimensions of the material being tested.
Cap welding

Connecting or fastening plates, substrates, stops, insulating sheets, etc., together by welding to form a cover.
Inserting can

The process of assembling the electrode group into the casing.
Beading

The process of machining grooves near the positive electrode of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery using a grooving device.Note: Sealing gaskets are installed in the grooves to ensure the battery's sealing.
Sealing

The process of fully sealing the battery cell by either applying adhesive and curing it with steel ball dispensing at the injection port or using high-energy lasers to melt the cover plate and the sealing gasket together.
Pouch forming

The process of stretching the aluminum-plastic film to form a punched pit structure using a die.
First sealing

The process of immediately sealing the gas bag edge of a pouch cell after injection to completely isolate the interior of the cell from the external environment.
Second sealing

The process of puncturing the gas pouch of a pouch cell after the formation process, extracting the gas generated inside the pouch during the formation process, and then sealing it.
Degassing

The process of venting the gas generated inside the cell during the formation process to evacuate it from the cell.
Leakage test

The process of detecting whether there is a leakage in the battery using a vacuum test method or a helium leak detection method.
Electrolyte injection

The process of controlling the amount and injection time of liquid electrolyte to inject it into the battery through the injection port. The main purpose is to create ion channels, ensuring that there are enough lithium ions for reversible cycling between the positive and negative electrode sheets during the charge and discharge process. The injection process can be divided into hard shell injection and soft pack injection.
Formation

The process of initially charging the battery to activate the active materials in lithium-ion batteries and form a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) membrane.
Aging

The process of deactivating certain active components within the positive and negative electrode active materials through specific methods to enhance the overall stability of the battery's performance.
Grading

The process of grouping batteries based on their overall performance characteristics such as capacity, voltage, internal resistance, etc., in order to ensure consistency among the batteries.

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